With reference to the issues of International Essay

With reference to the issues of International Justice,Torture,Landmines campaign, Lesbian&Gay Rights examine how the UN Charter - Essay Example 324). IGOs engage in treaty-making; encourage international lawmaking to become democratized by including more states in making treaties, not just the civilized states; instigate and enforce international law; and empowering NGOs and other non-state actors to act in advocating for victims of human rights abuses (Alvarez, 2006, pp. 324-335). States rely on IGOs to fulfill their national goals, and are constrained by these organizations. Moreover, state participation in IGOs often transforms the internal structure of the governments involved, such as when they induce states to establish medical authorities to respond to requests by the World Health Organization, and induce states to give effect to its warnings on global warming (Alvarez, 2006, p. 335). Non-governmental organizations are other actors on the global stage. NGOs are organizations that bring out the facts about human rights abuses, as well as contribute to setting standards regarding the implementation, promotion and enforc ement of human rights norms (Steiner & Alston, 1996, p. 456). Because governmental agencies might be hesitant to call out other governmental agencies, for a range of reasons that concern diplomacy, NGOs are considered to be a necessary part of spreading the word about human rights abuses, and advocating for reform.... Among these organizations are labor unions, consumer unions and industrial associations, which advocate for economic concerns; racial, gender and religious groups; groups that are issue-oriented, such as environmental or educational organizations; groups that advocate for the elderly or the young; public interest groups who may be for universal health care or against corruption; etc. (Steiner & Alston, 1996, p. 457). NGOs have a variety of strategies at their disposal, as far as the reformation of human rights abuse. One strategy would be to use the country’s domestic law. This has the advantage of being politically expedient, as using a country’s own law is seen as carrying more politically clout than using an international standard, as using international standards are often seen as intrusive to a country’s people. However, oftentimes countries might not have very progressive domestic laws when it comes to human rights. In that case, a better strategy would be to use international standards to attempt to make that country reform (Steiner & Alston, 1996, p. 458). NGOs must be impartial to be effective – in other words, they must not be affiliated with a certain political party. In other words, the group cannot be beholden to one particular party, or else that group will not investigate abuses perpetrated by that party. This was a concern in Nicaragua, where there were many groups who claimed to speak for human rights, then actually these groups were a shill of one party or the other, and each party was using these groups as a weapon against the other party (Steiner & Alston, 1996, p. 459). Consider the evolution of the notion of INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL JUSTICE and the creation of the ICC as a case study to assess

Case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 47

Case study - Essay Example There were many other stakeholders whose direct input and opinion could not be avoided since they all contributed to the success of the event (Senge, 19). For instance, the KSNN could not provide alternative traffic routes and a parking stadium away from the college. In brief, it was not possible for KSNN to independently sort out the accrued problems. KSNN received a publicity boost other than the financial benefits that came with it. Thus, many people got to know KSNN as a company due to the positives. The sponsors such as the corporate firms got the chance to advertise their wares and used the chance as a marketing tool and avenue. The college also got a temporary facelift when the show was being done therein. For instance, most of the people in the society got to learn about the college since the show was being held in their venue. Thus, the college and its reputation got to reach a wider pol of people in the

Network Architectures for Data Centers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Network Architectures for Data Centers - Essay Example On the other hand, at the present technology has changed. Additionally, there is an increase in demands for operational sustainable, efficiencies corporate processes, dynamic operational service diversification, and cost efficiency. In addition, these ever-increasing demands put the data center in the crosshairs of business analysis as its significance has increased more than ever before (LSI Corporation, 2012). This paper presents a detailed analysis of network architectures for data centers. This research will offer a comprehensive analysis of some of the major aspects required for the development and application of data center architecture application and their possible implication for better corporate management. Introduction At the present, data centers serve as the central command center for the majority of business organizations in spite of size and industry. Without a doubt, it offers an excellent support for managing huge amounts of information and data, and ensures effectiv e execution of business operations 24 hours a day and 7 days a week. In this scenario, network based data centers are designed, developed and maintained to store, process, and exchange information and data for economic services corporations, companies, transport business, administration, utilities, educational institutions, network carriers and internet service providers (ISPs). In fact, investments in the development of data centers are growing at a rate of more than 20 percent per year. In view of the fact that the business organizations completely depend on latest information technologies to take actions thus the current data centers have become less efficient along the lines of competence, effortlessness and agility of maintenance (H3C Technologies Co., Limited, 2012; Juniper Networks, Inc., 2012; Greenberg, Lahiri, Maltz, Patel, & Sengupta, 2012). In addition, in the field of data centers, several major trends are happening in parallel, with each representing a fundamental chan ge in terms of how it is managed. Data centers currently include both networking and server arrangements. However, the server part of this technology based infrastructure is at the present far down the road of technology based commoditization, in this scenario high end corporate class servers have been replaced by large amounts of low cost technology based servers. Additionally, new technology based improvement in distributed technology based computing and administration systems have supported the irregularity of individual network servers to be masked by the collective communication reliability of the data center system as a whole (H3C Technologies Co., Limited, 2012; Juniper Networks, Inc., 2012; Greenberg, Lahiri, Maltz, Patel, & Sengupta, 2012). Moreover, the quality and performance of network architectures for data

The transition from a centrally planned economy to a free market or a Essay - 1

The transition from a centrally planned economy to a free market or a mixed economy (Russia and China) - Essay Example However, where there is existence of monopolist in a capitalistic market there would be a single producer who would not meet the market demand and would charge an exorbitant price to the buyers. This happen because the monopolist would be the sole owner of the means of production in that market (Samuelson and ‎ Nordhaus 29-47). Therefore in circumstances of monopolisation there is an ardent need for the intervention of the government of the country and to put a price ceiling so that the monopolist’s power is under check. On the other hand in case of a centrally planned economy there is a monopolisation of the power of the government. Hence the prices and the allocation of the resources are determined entirely by the government of the country. Thus the decision regarding the price and quantity controls would be taken by the government of the country.A part of the Soviet Union the economy of Russia was a centrally planned economy. The enterprises in the country were comple tely under the control of the government. This set up was existent in the country from 1982 to 1991. Due to the command framework in the country there was stagnation in the growth and development in the economy. Therefore after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, there was a need felt for the transition of the economy to an economy which is market based (Snooks 12-19). There were several aspects of this transition.

To Cut or Not to Cut Routine Infant Circumcision Essay

To Cut or Not to Cut Routine Infant Circumcision - Essay Example His birth itself makes him a Jewish or a Muslim; depending on the family he has taken birth into (Gollaher 24). However, in recent years, the ethics of an unnecessary surgical procedure which essentially disfigures normal male anatomy and may, in fact, create sexual problems down the road for an otherwise healthy male, has groups across the country lobbying to get the procedure outlawed (Fleiss et al 364). Even though a prominent group of pediatricians believes that the advantages of circumcision are more numbered than the risks involved, the American Academy of Pediatrics believes that the medical gains of circumcision are not up to that extent that the risks involved may be overlooked and it (circumcision) may be recommended (Somerville 20). According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, â€Å"the topic cuts across many paradigms in your life – cultural, religious, ethnic, family tradition, aesthetic. We are not in a position to make recommendations on those paradigmsâ₠¬  (Freedman). Moreover, in countries like Canada a physician might land himself in legal problems if he/she undertakes the circumcision of a child even though it is with the consent of the child’s parents (Somerville 34). Some scholars believe that the reasons behind the circumcision practice are different than being religious. Like for example David Gollaher claims that male circumcision has its origins from the practice of castration done on male attendants of the ‘harems’ in order to keep them inoffensive and harmless. The main aim was to preserve the chastity of the female inmates of the ‘harem’. Gradually, the castration was transformed to circumcision and it became a practice which some people wrapped in a religious cover. Gollaher further claims that girls were circumcised in order to diminish their sexual urge on puberty. This again was done in order to keep their chastity intact. Due to this very reason, there still are areas where girl ci rcumcision is practiced as a custom (Gollaher 194). But Abusharaf does not agree with this view. According to him, such actions cannot guarantee chastity. It is the upbringing and the will power of the girl that will reflect in her actions (her chastity). Moreover, it is against the teachings of Christianity to harm or tyrannize one’s body in order to achieve certain virtues (Abusharaf 184). The parents’ decision regarding circumcision of their children should be regarded as final. Parents may consult their doctors for proper advice. They should properly understand the pros and cons of circumcision and only then should they decide about circumcision. As compared to the 1970s and 1980s, when the rate of circumcision was about 80 percent, by the year 2010, the rate had drastically fallen down to 55 percent. It is worth mentioning here that some studies have warned that such lower rates of circumcision might lead to elevated rates of sexually transmitted diseases. It is a stonishing to note the findings of the study that within the next 10 years or so, such infections might cost the exchequer of the United States health department billions of dollars (Freedman). Some people have opposed the practice of circumcision simply due to the reason that it mutilates an important male organ and decreases sexual sensation. Freedman strongly refutes such claims as being baseless and inadequately studied.There are certain common problems, even though of lesser importance, that may arise due

Stuart Davis, American Painting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Stuart Davis, American Painting - Essay Example The essay "Stuart Davis, American Painting" explores Hotel de France, painted by Stuart Davis. We can also see some part of the street. Accordingly, this painting was made at Paris, France particularly in the area of Montparnasse during the stay of Stuart Davis in that place in 1928 to 1929. The purpose of the painting was to convey the American artist’s feeling of great pleasure in the city’s being the only one of its kind. The work of Davis is a painting which is particularly oil on canvas. Oil on canvas is a series of things that are done in order to achieve a particular result of painting with a dry insoluble substance, usually dust or powder that was usually reduce, as by pounding or grinding, when suspended in a liquid vehicle becomes a paint that are tied with a medium of drying oil. This kind of painting is especially particular in Europe. Traditional oil painting techniques often begin with the artist sketching the subject onto the canvas with charcoal or thinn ed paint. Back to the painting of Davis, the work is a still life. This painting is a still life or the work of art depicting a subject matter, typically is a common place in Paris. The painting is a still life since it is man-made. In case that there is happening in the painting, it might be that people who are coming to and fro of the painting, we can see people who are standing near the window of the painting. There might be also people walking on the street, a sales representative with a big smile standing just in front of the kiosk.

Frank Sinatra's Contribution to Elevating Las Vegas to its Current Essay

Frank Sinatra's Contribution to Elevating Las Vegas to its Current Status - Essay Example His professional career as musician spans over 60 years throughout which he has displayed a â€Å"remarkable ability to maintain his appeal and pursue his musical goals despite often countervailing trends† (Sinatra). However, his biggest contributions came in the state of Nevada, the city of Las Vegas. When Vegas was not the glamorous metropolis in the desert it is today, early casinos such as the Sahara and The Desert Inn relied on the star power of their headlining performers to bring guests into their door. However, mainly it is Frank Sinatra’s fabulous and captivating songs hits such as â€Å"Summer Wind† and â€Å"My Way,† with his irrefutable talent and ability to mesmerize an audience, which has led to Las Vegas’ enviable rise to fame. The legend was brought up in Hoboken, New Jersey, where he attended Demarest High School. After his graduation, he enrolled for journalism classes and later became a cub sports reporter. His mother, with her do mineering and stubborn nature, encouraged him to sing in a band. Subsequently, after a while, she got him a job, which would broadcast his talents through the WNEW station. He married Nancy Barbato in 1939 and had three children with her. During the time, he met the Frank Mane band by whom he signed a one year contract of performing together. This was the beginning of his career and he made his first recording with this band, performing the song â€Å"Our Love.† Once the contract was over, Frank coupled up with Henry James’s band in his bid to make himself a name in the music industry. With his hard work and enthusiasm, he recorded ten songs along with this band under the labels- Brunswick and Columbia. Then he received overtures from Tommy Dorsey to become a member of his band Frank realized that perhaps this was the break that he was looking for and he accepted the offer happily. Fortunately for him, this venture got him into the movie â€Å"Las Vegas Nights.† Besides, as another stroke of good luck, he was also able to top the charts for twelve weeks with the song â€Å"I’ll never smile again.† The Billboard and Downbeat magazines, which were dominant authorities in music ratings, featured him with high ranks among the singers of that period. He was really rising to fame, achieving so much in such short time. Within a span of just three years, 23 of his songs were among the top ten on Billboard. He then left the Dorsey band and started solo music. By this time he had acquired thousands of fans, known as ‘Bobby Soxers.’ When he made an appearance in the Paramount theatre, everyone got so wild that the crowd was literally uncontrollable. Next in Sinatra’s agenda came his debut at the Hollywood Bowl and Madison Square Garden, when he was under the contract of Columbia Records. It is relevant to note here that when a person attain certain level of a celebrity status, the town or city he hails from or lives in, also becomes a center of attraction for the masses as well as media. Thus, Sinatra’s fame also began to make Las Vegas a place of attraction. Celebrities like Gregory Peck has endorsed that Sinatra and his band need to be credited for the everlasting â€Å"sense of free-floating fun and frolic that captured the imagination of the world† (Weatherford par. 4). On the other hand, Lt Gov Lorrain Hung claims that â€Å"